Invasives

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Amur Cork Tree (Phellodendron amurense)

Amur cork tree is a small to medium-sized tree growing 35 to 50 feet in height. It has prominently ridged bark, which is soft and corky to the touch. Just beneath the ridged outer bark, the tree has a bright yellow inner bark. Amur cork tree has compound leaves with…

Brazilian Waterweed (Egeria densa)

Brazilian waterweed, also known as Brazilian elodea, is a submerged aquatic perennial plant that infests streams, lakes, and ponds. The bright green stems are generally 1-2 feet in length, but can be as much as 20 feet. The plant’s leaves are arranged in whorls of 4 to 6 leaves; the…

Broad-leaved Pepperweed (Lepidium latifolium L.)

Broad-leaved pepperweed, also called tall pepperweed, perennial peppergrass, tall whitetop, giant whiteweed, and ironweed is an herbaceous perennial that can grow up to 5 feet tall. Plants have many stiff, upright stems that grow from a woody crown of roots. Old stems persist through the winter with rosettes of leaves…

Callery Pear (Pyrus calleryana Dcne.)

Callery pear is an upright, pyramidal tree that grows 20–30 ft. tall, with a 20–30 ft. wide canopy. Young trees are relatively slender and may be thorny. Its alternate leaves are oval, up to 3 inches long and 1 1/2 to 3 inches wide, with small, round-toothed margins; long petioles…

Creeping Buttercup (Ranunculus repens L.)

Creeping buttercup is an herbaceous perennial that grows along the ground. Plants have thick stems and may be as much as 1 foot tall. Leaves and stems are usually hairy. Leaves at the base of the plant have long petioles; leaves that are higher on the stem have shorter petioles…

European Alder (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.)

European alder, also known as common alder or black alder is a tree that grows 40-50 ft in height. Its branches are alternate. Its leaves are simple, oval, 2 to 4 inches long, 2 to 3 inches wide, with a rounded or slightly notched tip, have a doubly serrate margin,…

European Rusty Willow and Gray Willow (Salix atrocinerea (L.) Gaertn.) and Gray Willow (S.cinerea (L.) Gaertn.)

European rusty willow is a tall shrub or small tree that grows up to 50 feet tall; it has smooth gray-green bark with a waxy texture and raised ridges in the wood. Gray willow is a multi-stemmed shrub that may grow up to 20 feet tall. The two willows are…

Fig Buttercup (Ficaria verna Huds.)

Fig buttercup, also called lesser celandine, is a low perennial herb that grows from tuberous roots. Most plants are no more than 6 inches tall, although some reach 1 foot. The shiny leaves are dark green, often paler on their undersides. Leaves have long petioles and may be oblong, triangular,…

Giant Hogweed (Heracleum mantegazzianum)

*If found report here to Mass. Dept. of Agricultural Resources (MDAR). Giant hogweed is an herbaceous perennial species that grows over 15 feet in height. It is native to the Caucasus Mountains and southwest Asia. The stem, which is blotched with purple and covered with short hairs, is 2 to…

Hydrilla (Hydrilla verticillata)

Hydrilla, also known as water thyme, is a submerged, aquatic, perennial herbaceous plant that can grow from depths of 20-25 feet. The stems have whorls of 3-8 tiny, strap-like leaves that are 0.2 to 0.8 inches long and 0.07-0.15 inches wide. The leaves have saw-toothed margins visible with a hand lens. Hydrilla…